- Spaceport and Satellites -

EnenKio International Spaceport

In 1993, the Office of Space Industry in the State of Hawaii published a detailed plan for a proposed satellite launching facility on the Big Island, Hawaii. Unfortunately for the State, despite a determination of feasibility and expenditures in the millions, the plan experienced a slow death from strong opposition by communities and residents. Perhaps the final blow came from ancestral Hawaiians who targeted the unquestionable loss of sacred shrines or religious sites and interference with customary beach access and other practices that would occur under the State’s site plan.

The essential elements of Hawaii’s plan for effective and practical development of a world-class Satellite Launch Facility were sustained by its geographic location and proximity to the Equator. The elements of the plan which posed obstacles and serious points for deliberation, if a successful venture would ensue, became insurmountable and eventually tipped the scale in defeat.

Eliminate virtually all non-technical, geographic, environmental, political, social and other community-based issues, which killed Hawaii’s plan, then one would be left with a flexible plan of great potential, in want of suitable location and investors.

This is the void into which the government of the Kingdom of EnenKio Atoll steps forward to assert its intention to develop such a facility, one which is apparently no longer feasible for the Hawaiian Islands.

The following pages rely upon the great work done on behalf of the State of Hawaii and offer a bold presentation for development of an alternate site, still in the Pacific Ocean near the Equator and without populace exposure factors.

This concept for EnenKio Atoll will reveal a facility which would be

With respect to aerospace facilities currently operating in the world today, the demand for satellite construction and launch capability is far outweighed by availability of suitable launch sites, capacity for meeting customer launch requirements and factors involving cost effectiveness of multiple or frequent launch events.

The economic base of the Kingdom of EnenKio Atoll is predicated upon an orderly democratic political infrastructure which

Development of a small, yet highly sophisticated spaceport and satellite launch facility will

The southern portion of the largest of the three islands comprising EnenKio Atoll is occupied by substantial airstrip built to support the largest and heaviest of military aircraft in the world. Formerly used as a pre-jet era refueling station and emergency mid-ocean aircraft landing site, the field was once an alternate NASA Space Shuttle landing site. With the advent of reliable long-range aircraft, continued maintenance and use of EnenKio Atoll solely as an alternative or chance landing site is extravagant, irrational and serves a cause not associated with maximizing potential public benefit.

The advent of a degree of existing facilities at EnenKio Atoll and their relative proximity to others in the Hawaiian Islands and mainland United States, related to the aerospace industry, are factors that would permit the utilization or development of a network of ancillary, off-site and remote launch support and supply services.

At a time when federal US agency budgets and staffs are being cut, downsized or restructured, the inevitable incentive for the private sector to take up the slack is a promise of reward in monetary and technological terms. The "race for space" is more intense now than at any time in our history. Outmoded concepts need to be swept away in favor of long-range strategies for the comfort and security of future generations of people of all nations around the globe.

The major applications of commercial, scientific and technological uses of space and orbital vehicles include

The site location of the spaceport would be near Peacock Point, the southern point of Wake Island, south of the air terminal. An array of circular launch pads are to be situated at three sites. Subsurface "tubes" may also be built to house and launch propellant-stable vehicles. Launch control and service structures would be coordinated in the vicinity of the airport facility and serve other functions between launch events.

A transport system for loading and moving materials from lagoon harbor docks, which will be modified to accommodate requisite seagoing vessels, will terminate at the spaceport service area. Due to the secure zone encompassing much of the area around the airstrip, security augmentation will be relatively minimal. Storage of hazardous materials, vehicles and fuels will be accommodated on-site.

Candidate vehicles include

Construction, development and launch operations will provide numerous opportunities for employment and application of technological strategies for EnenKio Atoll citizens and the off-site support network. Requirements for skilled, professional and contract workers will boost advancement of careers in space industries. Impacts on associated economic, financial and tourism opportunities are dependent upon the scope of program development.

Revenues will sustain government and corporate operations and expansion. Services provided to emerging island nations and other Pacific Rim communities will bolster challenges for sustainable economic development and self-reliance. Education and health of remote populations are primary considerations.

Diversification of environmental remediation strategies takes into account the need for safety, control of toxic or hazardous by-products and demands for renewable energy resources. Collaboration with environmental guardian associations is essential.

Containment and safety considerations with respect to flammable, combustible and toxic materials and by-products of launch operations pose the greatest potential threat to life and health. Administration of precaution and response procedures is to be developed, modified and instituted as a priority consideration.

The relatively minor risk of exposure in terms of numbers and presence of people, in case of an abrupt event of adverse significance, is attributed to the detachment of the launch site, restrictions to accessibility and remote placement of support network personnel. Adequate facility for treatment and evacuation of affected personnel will be provided to the local community.

Environmental precautions, response and remediation procedures will be under the guidance of a panel of qualified experts and concerned individuals. Decisions and practices will be weighed on the basis of cost-benefit and highest-and-best-use ratios. Impacts on air quality, sound levels, launch debris output, surface contamination and other effects are to be gradually diminished over time by

Significant disturbance and introduction of non-native elements in the vicinity of the spaceport and airfield minimize impacts of expansion and construction of support structures, equipment and facilities.

Current- Activities of military, civilian and contract workers generally influence the island itself. Virtually no contributions to local (Micronesian) employment, income generation, economic benefit or population immigration opportunities have been made during the occupation of the atoll by the United States. The economy is one exclusively comprised by government employment and its military installation at Wake Island.

Proposed- Departure of occupying forces of the United States and restoration of active jurisdiction to the lawful landowner, embodied in the authority of EnenKio constitution and government structure will transform the atoll. Consequences of such programs as the spaceport, and others, will bring about an economic, technological and social ripple-effect throughout nations of the Pacific and across the globe. The tenet of "build it and they will come" will stimulate a resurgence of international cooperation, not just among those in the space industry, but between communities affected by poor communications, unemployment, displacement of economic resources, nuclear-ionizing radiation pollution, global warming and technological deprivation.

See it from space.

The following Spaceport Concept, ostensibly developed for the Big Island in the Hawaiian Islands, could easily be implemented at Eneen-Kio Atoll, which is essentially on the same latitude, but advantaged by numerous factors.

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Hawaii Spaceport Concept Introduction

Space Flight

Fundamentals of Space Technology

Flight Safety

Launch Vehicles - Delta & Atlas/Centaur

Launch Vehicles - Scout, Castor, Taurus